Differences in related indicators after Toric intraocular lens implantation in cataract patients with different axial lengths / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the differences in visual recovery, corneal astigmatism, and rotation stability of Toric intraocular lens(TIOL)implantation in cataract patients with different axial lengths.METHODS: Retrospective analysis. A total of 132 patients(132 eyes)with age-related cataract and corneal astigmatism who underwent phacoemulsification cataract extraction combined with TIOL implantation in our hospital's ophthalmology department from February 2021 to September 2022 were selected. They were divided into two groups based on the axial length: the group with axial length ≤24mm(79 cases, 79 eyes)and the group with axial length >24mm(53 cases, 53 eyes). Compare the best corrected distance visual acuity(BCDVA), corneal astigmatism, and TIOL rotation between the two groups of patients at 3mo after surgery.RESULT: After 3mo of surgery, both groups of patients had improved BCDVA and significantly decreased corneal astigmatism compared to those before surgery(P<0.001). However, there was no difference in BCDVA and corneal astigmatism between the two groups(P>0.05), and there was no significant difference in TIOL rotation between the two groups [(5.24±3.72)° vs.(6.36±4.21)°, P=0.110].CONCLUSION: There is no significant difference in visual recovery, corneal astigmatism, and TIOL rotational stability after TIOL implantation in cataract patients with different axial lengths.

A method of mental disorder recognition based on visibility graph / 生物医学工程学杂志

The causes of mental disorders are complex, and early recognition and early intervention are recognized as effective way to avoid irreversible brain damage over time. The existing computer-aided recognition methods mostly focus on multimodal data fusion, ignoring the asynchronous acquisition problem of multimodal data. For this reason, this paper proposes a framework of mental disorder recognition based on visibility graph (VG) to solve the problem of asynchronous data acquisition. First, time series electroencephalograms (EEG) data are mapped to spatial visibility graph. Then, an improved auto regressive model is used to accurately calculate the temporal EEG data features, and reasonably select the spatial metric features by analyzing the spatiotemporal mapping relationship. Finally, on the basis of spatiotemporal information complementarity, different contribution coefficients are assigned to each spatiotemporal feature and to explore the maximum potential of feature so as to make decisions. The results of controlled experiments show that the method in this paper can effectively improve the recognition accuracy of mental disorders. Taking Alzheimer's disease and depression as examples, the highest recognition rates are 93.73% and 90.35%, respectively. In summary, the results of this paper provide an effective computer-aided tool for rapid clinical diagnosis of mental disorders.

Effect of Huanglian Ejiaotang on 5-Hydroxytryptamine System and Gut Microbiota in Sleep-deprived Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Huanglian Ejiaotang in intervening in insomnia based on 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT） system and gut microbiota. MethodFifty-five SPF-grade SD rats were randomly divided into normal group， model group， low-， medium-， and high-dose Huanglian Ejiaotang groups （1.925， 3.85， and 7.7 g·kg-1）， and Estazolam group （0.1 mg·kg-1）. Except for those in the normal group， the rats in the other five groups were subjected to sleep deprivation on a narrow platform for 12 hours daily for 21 consecutive days. After 14 days of drug intervention， the sleep， exploratory behavior， and depressive-like behavior of the rats were assessed using the pentobarbital sodium sleep synergistic test， the open field test， and the sugar preference test， respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect the levels of 5-HT， 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid （5-HIAA）， tryptophan hydroxylase （TPH）， and monoamine oxidase-A （MAO-A）. Real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to measure the mRNA expression of the 5-HT1A receptor （5-HT1AR） and 5-HT2A receptor （5-HT2AR）. Differences in gut microbiota among the groups were assessed using 16S rRNA sequencing， and the correlation between the 5-HT system and microbiota was revealed using redundancy analysis. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group showed a prolonged sleep latency （P<0.05）， reduced sleep maintenance （P<0.01）， decreased central area activity time in the open field （P<0.01）， and reduced sugar preference rate （P<0.05）. Moreover， the model group also showed decreased levels of 5-HT， 5-HIAA， TPH， and MAO-A （P<0.01）， decreased 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio （P<0.01）， downregulated mRNA expression of 5-HT1AR （P<0.01）， and upregulated mRNA expression of 5-HT2AR （P<0.05）. The proportion of Firmicutes decreased， while that of Bacteroidetes increased， leading to a decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes （F/B） ratio （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the high-dose Huanglian Ejiaotang group exhibited a shortened sleep latency （P<0.01）， and increased sleep maintenance （P<0.01）. The low-dose Huanglian Ejiaotang group showed increased central area activity time （P<0.01） and an increased sugar preference rate （P<0.05）. The high-dose Huanglian Ejiaotang group exhibited increased levels of 5-HT， 5-HIAA， TPH， and MAO-A （P<0.01）， increased 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio （P<0.05）， upregulated mRNA expression of 5-HT1AR （P<0.01）， and downregulated mRNA expression of 5-HT2AR （P<0.05）. The low-dose Huanglian Ejiaotang group displayed an increased proportion of Firmicutes and a decreased proportion of Bacteroidetes， resulting in an increased F/B ratio. At the phylum level， 5-HT， 5-HIAA， and MAO-A were positively correlated with Firmicutes and negatively correlated with Bacteroidetes. At the genus level， 5-HT， 5-HIAA， TPH， and MAO-A were negatively correlated with Prevotella and Lactobacillus and positively correlated with Blautia and Bacteroides. ConclusionHuanglian Ejiaotang can improve sleep deprivation-induced insomnia and depressive-like behavior by regulating the activity of the 5-HT system and the composition of gut microbiota.

Clinical research progress of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion in the evaluation of right ventricle systolic function in children with congenital heart disease / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

The hemodynamics of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) often changes during the perioperative period. Unfortunately, the evaluation of cardiac function in children with CHD is mainly focused on the left ventricle. With the further understanding of cardiac hemodynamics, the monitoring of RV function has gradually become an important part of cardiac intensive care department. We totally searched five databases including Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, Wanfang Med, as well as China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and reviewed the clinical research progress of the application of TAPSE in the evaluation of RV systolic function in children with CHD to provide a theoretical basic for the monitoring of RV function before and after operation in children with CHD.

Canagliflozin Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating Lipid Metabolism and Inhibiting Inflammation through Induction of Autophagy

Purpose@#Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with metabolic diseases, including obesity and diabetes, and has gradually become the most common cause of chronic liver disease. We investigated the effects of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor canagliflozin on NAFLD in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice and possible underlying mechanisms. @*Materials and Methods@#Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal-diet, HFD, or HFD with canagliflozin for 14 weeks. AML-12 hepatocytes were treated with canagliflozin. Expression of related pathways was assessed. @*Results@#Canagliflozin administration reduced body weight and fat mass, compared with HFD alone. Canagliflozin improved glucose and lipid metabolic disorders. Compared with HFD-fed mice, liver weight, serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, and hepatic lipid accumulation were decreased after canagliflozin administration. Additionally, canagliflozin upregulated lipolysis markers (CPT1a, ACOX1, and ACADM), downregulated lipogenesis markers (SREBP-1c and FASN), and suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, MCP1, IL-1β, and IL-6), consistent with significantly increased LC3 II/I and Atg7 levels in the liver following canagliflozin treatment. In vitro, canagliflozin increased CPT1a, ACOX1, and ACADM expression, decreased SREBP-1c and FASN protein expression, and reduced TNFα, MCP1, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA levels in lipid mixture (LM)-induced hepatocytes in a dose-dependent manner. These changes were reversed by 3-MA, an autophagy inhibitor. @*Conclusion@#Our findings suggest that canagliflozin ameliorates the pathogenesis of NAFLD by regulating lipid metabolism and inhibiting inflammation, which may be associated with its promotion of autophagy.

Predictive values of serum 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine on disease progression and prognosis of patients with sepsis / 中华烧伤杂志

Objective: To investigate the values of serum 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in predicting disease progression and prognosis of patients with sepsis. Methods: The prospective observational research methods were used. A total of 124 patients with sepsis who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to the Department of Emergency of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from April 2015 to July 2016, including 79 males and 45 females, aged (62±15) years. The sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores of all patients on admission and on the second day of admission and their difference (ΔSOFA) were calculated. The patients were divided into non-progression group with ΔSOFA score <2 (n=101) and progression group with ΔSOFA score ≥2 (n=23), and according to the survival during hospitalization, the patients were divided into survival group (n=85) and death group (n=39). Data of patients between non-progression group and progression group, survival group and death group were compared, including the gender, age, days in emergency intensive care unit (ICU), smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, serum white blood cell count, serum C-reactive protein, and serum procalcitonin on admission, and serum 8-OHdG within 24 h of admission. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to screen the independent risk factors of disease progression and death during hospitalization in 124 patients with sepsis, the receiver's operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn according to the independent risk factors, and the area under the curve (AUC), the best threshold, and the sensitivity and specificity under the best threshold were calculated. The patients were divided into high 8-OHdG group (n=35) and low 8-OHdG group (n=89) according to the best threshold in ROC curve of death during hospitalization. The data including the gender, age, SOFA score on admission, SOFA score on the second day of admission, and ΔSOFA score of patients in the two groups were compared. The survival rates of patients within 90 d of admission in the two groups were compared by the Kaplan-Meier method. Data were statistically analyzed with independent sample t test, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, and Log-rank test. Results: The gender, age, days in emergency ICU, smoking, complicated with hypertension, complicated with diabetes mellitus, serum white blood cell count, serum C-reactive protein, and serum procalcitonin on admission of patients in non-progression group and progression group were similar (P>0.05). The serum 8-OHdG within 24 h of admission of patients in progression group was significantly higher than that in non-progression group (Z=-2.31, P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the serum 8-OHdG within 24 h of admission was the independent risk factor for disease progression of 124 patients with sepsis (odds ratio=1.06, with 95% confidence interval of 1.01-1.11, P<0.05). The AUC under the ROC curve of serum 8-OHdG within 24 h of admission to predict disease progression of 124 patients with sepsis was 0.65 (with 95% confidence interval of 0.52-0.79, P<0.05), the optimal threshold was 32.88 ng/mL, and the sensitivity and specificity under the optimal threshold was 52.2% and 79.2%, respectively. The gender, age, days in emergency ICU, smoking, complicated with hypertension, complicated with diabetes mellitus, and serum white blood cell count, serum C-reactive protein, and serum procalcitonin on admission of patients in survival group and death group were similar (P>0.05). The serum 8-OHdG within 24 h of admission of patients in death group was significantly higher than that in survival group (Z=-2.37, P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the serum 8-OHdG within 24 h of admission was the independent risk factor for death of 124 patients with sepsis (odd ratio=1.04, with 95% confidence interval of 1.00-1.09, P<0.05). The AUC under the ROC curve of serum 8-OHdG within 24 h of admission to predict death of patients during hospitalization was 0.63 (with 95% confidence interval of 0.52-0.75, P<0.05), the optimal threshold was 32.43 ng/mL, the sensitivity and specificity under the optimal threshold was 51.3% and 84.7%, respectively. The gender and age of patients in high 8-OHdG group and low 8-OHdG group were similar (P>0.05). The SOFA score on admission, SOFA score on the second day of admission, and ΔSOFA score of patients in high 8-OHdG group were significantly higher than those in low 8-OHdG group (with Z values of -2.49, -3.01, and -2.64, respectively, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The survival rate within 90 d of admission of patients in low 8-OHdG group was significantly higher than that in high 8-OHdG group (χ2=14.57, P<0.01). Conclusions: Serum 8-OHdG level is an independent risk factor for disease progression and death in sepsis patients with limited ability for predicting disease progression and prognosis of sepsis of patients. The patients with higher serum 8-OHdG level have higher death risk within 90 d of admission.

Research on diagnostic value of OCT measurement of optic disc and macular parameters in early primary open angle glaucoma / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To analyze the diagnostic value of optical coherence tomography(OCT)for early primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)by measuring the thickness of macular ganglion cell complex(mGCC), peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(pRNFL), macular retinal nerve fiber layer(mRNFL)and retinal ganglion cell layer+inner plexiform layer(GCIP)in the macular region.METHODS:A case-control study design was used to collect 82 patients(82 eyes)with early POAG who admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to January 2020. There were 40 healthy volunteers(40 eyes)in the same period selected as the control group(20 eyes for left and right eyes, respectively). All subjects underwent tests of uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and equivalent spherical power. The upper, lower, nasal, temporal and average pRNFL thickness, the upper, lower and average mGCC, mRNFL and GCIP thickness in the macular region were analyzed. Spearman was used to analyze the correlation among the average thickness of eachindices, and ROC curve was used to analyze the value of mGCC, pRNFL, mRNF and GCIP thickness parameters in diagnosing early POAG.RESULTS:In the early POAG group, the thickness of upper, nasal, lower, temporal, average pRNFL and the thickness of upper, lower and average mGCC, mRNFL and GCIP were lower than those in the control group(all P&#x003C;0.05). Average thickness of pRNFL was positively correlated with average thickness of mGCC, average mRNFL and average GCIP(rs=0.582, 0.632, 0.456, all P&#x003C;0.05); average thickness of mGCC was positively correlated with average thickness of mRNFL and average GCIP(rs=0.583, 0.851, all P&#x003C;0.05); Average thickness of mRNFL was positively correlated with average thickness of GCIP(rs=0.528, all P&#x003C;0.01). ROC curve analysis shows that the AUC value of mGCC thickness and average value in early diagnosis of POAG were all above 0.8, and the diagnostic efficiency was the highest.CONCLUSION: OCT measurement of mGCC has certain value in diagnosing early POAG.

Herbal Textual Research on Cyperi Rhizoma in Famous Classical Formulas / 中国实验方剂学杂志

In this paper， the name， origin， producing area， quality evaluation， harvest and processing methods of Cyperi Rhizoma used in the famous classical formulas are researched by consulting related herbal medicines， medical books， modern documents. The results showed that although some fake products such as Cyperus stoloniferus and Scirpus plants were used as Cyperi Rhizoma， the main source in the past generations is still C. rotundus. It is recommended to use C. rotundus in the famous classical formulas. Since the Tang dynasty， Guangdong， Guangxi and Zhejiang have always been high-quality production areas of Cyperi Rhizoma. Among them， those from western Guangdong are known as Guangxiangfu， Nanxiangfu is produced in Zhejiang province. Since the modern times， the quality of Cyperi Rhizoma is best if it has a big， firm physique and strong fragrant. The common processing method is vinegar processing. It is suggested that raw materials should be used as medicine in the famous classical formulas which do not clearly indicate the processing requirements， and different processed products should be selected according to the formulas with the processing requirements.

Composition changes reveal relationship between color and enzymatic reaction of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex during "sweating" process / 中国中药杂志

In this study, we employed Q Exactive to determine the main differential metabolites of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex du-ring the "sweating" process. Further, we quantified the color parameters and determined the activities of polyphenol oxidase(PPO), peroxidase(POD), and tyrosinase of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex during the "sweating" process. Gray correlation analysis was performed for the color, chemical composition, and enzyme activity to reveal the effect of enzymatic reaction on the color of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex during the "sweating" process. Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex sweating in different manners showed similar metabolite changes. The primary metabolites that changed significantly included amino acids, nucleotides, and sugars, and the secondary metabolites with significant changes were phenols and phenylpropanoids. Despite the different sweating methods, eleven compounds were commonly up-regulated, including L-glutamic acid, acetylarginine, hypoxanthine, and xanthine; six compounds were commonly down-re-gulated, including L-arginine, L-aspartic acid, and phenylalanine. The brightness value(L~*), red-green value(a~*), and yellow-blue value(b~*) of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex kept decreasing during the "sweating" process. The changes in the activities of PPO and POD during sweating were consistent with those in the color parameter values. The gray correlation analysis demonstrated that the main differential metabolites such as amino acids and phenols were closely related to the color parameters L~*, a~* and b~*; POD was correlated with amino acids and phenols; PPO had strong correlation with phenols. The results indicated that the color change of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex during "sweating" was closely related to the reactions of enzymes dominated by PPO and POD. The study analyzed the correlations among the main differential metabolites, color parameters, and enzyme activities of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex in the "sweating" process. It reveals the common law of material changes and ascertains the relationship between color changes and enzymatic reactions of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex during "sweating". Therefore, this study provides a reference for studying the "sweating" mechanism of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex and is of great significance to guarantee the quality of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex.

Analysis of influencing factors of severe preeclampsia with exudative retinal detachment and study of pregnancy outcome / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective:To observe and preliminary investigate the influencing factors of exudative retinal detachment in patients with severe preeclampsia (S-PE) and its influence on pregnancy outcome.Methods:A total of 89 patients of S-PE patients diagnosed in Department of Obstetrics in The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin from July 2018 to June 2020 were included in this study. According to whether the patients were complicated with exudative retinal detachment, they were divided into retinal detachment group (43 cases) and non retinal detachment group (46 cases). All patients underwent direct ophthalmoscopy, and those with suspected or definite retinal detachment underwent optical coherence tomography or B-mode ultrasonography. The age, course of disease, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, laboratory serum albumin level, 24 h urinary protein, platelet count, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width and serum uric acid content were collected. The average age ( t=-1.01), body mass index ( t=-1.799), course of disease ( t=-1.657) and constituent ratio of primipara and multipara in the two groups were compared ( χ2=1.411), the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). The end of pregnancy time, systemic complications, fetal outcomes and neonatal Apgar scores were analyzed, retrospectively. Independent sample t test was used to compare the quantitative data between the two groups; Chi square test was used to compare qualitative data. Binary logistic regression analysis to screen the influencing factors of exudative retinal detachment in S-PE. Results:Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were higher in the retinal detachment group than in the non retinal detachment group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.087, 2.810; P=0.040, 0.006). Serum albumin ( t=-10.404), 24-hour urinary protein quantification ( t=6.401), blood uric acid ( t=3.910), platelet count ( t=-6.124) and platelet distribution width ( t=2.992) were compared between the two groups, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). There were 30 (69.77%, 30/43) cases in retinal detachment group and 14 (30.43%, 14/46) cases in non retinal detachment group with severe systemic complications; The average time of ending pregnancy was 34.66±3.29 and 38.25±1.62 weeks; The average Apgar scores at birth were 7.28±3.40 and 9.46±1.59. The incidence of severe systemic complications in two groups ( χ2=13.755), the end of pregnancy time ( t=-6.448), Apgar score at birth ( t=-3.824), the differences were statistically significant ( P=0.000、0.000、0.000). Fetal distress and death were 8 (18.60%, 8/43), 7 (16.28%, 7/43) and 7 (15.22%, 7/46), 1 (2.17%, 1/46) in retinal detachment group and non retinal detachment group respectively. There was no significant difference in the incidence of fetal distress between the two groups ( χ2=0.182, P=0.670). The difference of fetal mortality was statistically significant ( P= 0.027). Logistic regression analysis showed that serum albumin and uric acid were associated with exudative retinal detachment in patients with S-PE ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Serum albumin and uric acid are the influencing factors of exudative retinal detachment in patients with S-PE. Patients with exudative retinal detachment are prone to adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Association of Serum Glucocorticoids with Various Blood Pressure Indices in Patients with Dysglycemia and Hypertension: the Henan Rural Cohort Study / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#To our knowledge, no definitive conclusion has been reached regarding the relationship between glucocorticoids and hypertension. Here, we aimed to explore the characteristics of glucocorticoids in participants with dysglycemia and hypertension, and to analyze their association with blood pressure indicators.@*Methods@#The participants of this study were from the Henan Rural Cohort study. A total of 1,688 patients 18-79 years of age were included in the matched case control study after application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Statistical methods were used to analyze the association between glucocorticoids and various indices of blood pressure, through approaches such as logistic regression analysis, trend tests, linear regression, and restricted cubic regression.@*Results@#The study population consisted of 552 patients with dysglycemia and hypertension (32.7%). The patients with co-morbidities had higher levels of serum cortisol ( @*Conclusions@#Serum deoxycortisol was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, mean arterial pressure, mean blood pressure, and mean proportional arterial pressure. Glucocorticoids (deoxycortisol and cortisol) increase the risk of hypertension in people with dysglycemia, particularly in those with T2DM.

MicroRNAs as potential therapeutic targets for pancreatic cancer / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies. The poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients is mainly attributed to low diagnostic rate at the early stage, highly aggressive nature coupled with the inadequate efficacy of current chemotherapeutic regimens. Novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed for pancreatic cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important regulatory role in key processes of cancer development. The aberrant expression of miRNAs is often involved in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. The discovery of tumor suppressor miRNAs provides prospects for the development of a novel treatment strategy for pancreatic cancer. We reviewed recent progress on the understanding of the role of miRNAs in pancreatic cancer, highlighted the efficient application of miRNAs-based therapies for pancreatic cancer in animal models and clinical trials, and proposed future prospects. This review focuses on the promise of integrating miRNAs into the treatment of pancreatic cancer and provides guidance for the development of precision medicine for pancreatic cancer.

Protective Effect of Xiayuxue Tang on Renal Fibrosis Rats Based on Wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β1/Smad Signal Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the protective effect of Xiayuxue Tang on adenine-induced renal fibrosis model in rats and its impact on Wnt/<italic>β</italic>-catenin and transforming growth factor <italic>β</italic>₁（TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁）/Smad signal pathway. Method:A total of 50 SPF-grade male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups： the normal group， the model group， the losartan group （9 mg·kg^-1） and low and high dose （2.43，4.86 g·kg^-1） of Xiayuxue Tang groups. The rat model of renal fibrosis was established by ig administration adenine （250 mg·kg^-1） for 24 consecutive days. The rats were then given the corresponding drugs for 30 consecutive days. The levels of serum creatinine（SCr） and blood urea nitrogen （BUN） were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. The histopathological changes of renal tissues in rats were observed by hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining. The collagen deposition in rat renal tissue was observed by Masson staining； the protein expression levels of Wnt5a， Wnt5b， <italic>β</italic>-catenin， TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁， Smad4， Smad7 in renal tissue were detected respectively by immunohistochemistry（IHC） and Western blot. Result:Compared with the normal group， the results of each experimental group showed that SCr and BUN levels significantly increased in the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. SCr and BUN levels decreased significantly after the intervention with the Xiayuxue Tang （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the normal group， HE and Masson staining results showed that rats in the model group had severe renal interstitial damage and massive deposition of renal interstitial collagen. The renal interstitial tubule injury was relieved after the intervention with the Xiayuxue Tang， and the renal interstitial collagen deposition decreased. The results of IHC and Western blot showed that compared with the normal group， the expressions of Wnt5a， <italic>β</italic>-catenin， TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁ protein in the kidney of rats up-regulated （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， while the expressions of Wnt5b and Smad7 protein down-regulated （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. After the intervention with Xiayuxue Tang， the expressions of Wnt5a， <italic>β</italic>-catenin， TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁ protein down-regulated （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， while the expressions of Wnt5b and Smad7 protein up-regulated（<italic>P</italic><0.01）. There was no significant difference between the low-dose and high-dose groups with Xiayuxue Tang. Conclusion:Xiayuxue Tang has the protective effect on RIF rats induced by adenine， and its mechanism is related to the inhibition of Wnt/<italic>β</italic>-catenin and TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁/Smad signal pathway.

Toxicity of Chemotherapeutics Based on Viscera-state doctrine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Malignant tumors are important diseases that threaten human health. Although targeting and immunotherapy have been gradually applied in the treatment of malignant tumors in recent years， which can alleviate the suffering of patients to a certain extent， there are still problems of large adverse reactions and easy drug resistance. At present， chemotherapy is still the main method for the treatment of malignant tumors. While killing tumor cells， chemotherapy also damages normal cells， which often leads to drug toxicity， such as bone marrow suppression， gastrointestinal adverse reactions， liver and kidney function damage， and oral mucosal reactions. Although modern medicines have a certain effect on the toxicity of chemotherapy drugs， there are still limitations. Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） has a long history of treating malignant tumors， and considers that chemotherapy is a drug with toxin invading the body， exacerbating the "deficiency"， "toxin" and "stasis" of the body， causing damage to Qi， blood and organs， especially in spleen， stomach， liver and kidney， and leading to bone marrow suppression， liver and kidney function injury and other adverse reactions. Studies have confirmed that the use of TCM treatment has a better clinical efficacy. Therefore， new therapies shall be explored based on the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine. As the core part of the theoretical system of TCM， Viscera-state doctrine is closely related to looking， listening， questioning and feeling the pulse of TCM， and has constantly developed and improved. It has important significance in guiding diagnosis and treatment of diseases. This study is guided by viscera-state doctrine of TCM and based on the etiology and pathogenesis of TCM. It starts with the clinical manifestations of common drug toxicity of chemotherapy drugs， such as bone marrow suppression， gastrointestinal adverse reactions， liver and kidney function damage， oral mucosal reactions， which are external signs of the toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs， and associates pathological manifestations of viscera to physiological functions. From elephants and Tibetans， it systematically summarizes the viscera characteristics of various common chemotherapeutic drugs and provides new ideas and methods for clinical use of TCM in treating the toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs， so as to promote the application of viscera-state doctrine in diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

Shengyutang Improves Learning and Memory Ability of Sleep Deprived Mice by Regulating Levels of Monoamine Neurotransmitters in Hippocampus / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of Shengyutang on the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters in the hippocampus， and explore its possible mechanism on improving the learning and memory abilities of sleep deprivation （SD） mice. Method:The 50 mice were divided into normal group， model group， estazolam group， Shengyutang low and high dose groups， with 10 mice in each group. A multi-platform water environment was used to prepare SD mouse models. The low and high-dose Shengyutang groups received intragastric administration of 12.5， 25 g·kg^-1， respectively. The mice in the model group were intragastrically administered with the same dose of normal saline daily for 8 weeks. Morris water maze experiment was used to observe the behavioral changes of SD mice in the evasion latency period， the number of crossing platforms， and the stay time in the target quadrant of each group. HE staining was used to observe the pathomorphological changes of the hippocampal tissue of each group. The expression levels of eight monoamine neurotransmitters including serotonin （5-HT），dopandne （DA），epinephrine （EP），norepinephrine （NE），5-hydroxyindole acetic acid（5-HIAA）， high vanillic acid （HVA）， levodopa（<italic>L</italic>-DOPA），and 3，4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid（DOPAC）were detected by high performance liquid chromatography， and the expression levels of c-Fos protein in hippocampus were detected by immunohistochemistry. Result:Compared with the normal group， the SD mice in the model group were in a poorer general state and severe fatigue was observed. Compared with the model group， SD mice in each dose group of Shengyutang got improved in eating， activity， sleep， hair color， and response to external stimuli. Compared with the normal group， the body weight of SD mice in the model group was significantly reduced （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， but the body weight in the Shengyutang high-dose group increased the most as compared with the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Compared with the normal group， the hippocampal cells in the model group were disorderly arranged， incomplete in shape， increased in gap and decreased in number. Compared with the model group， the number of neurons in the hippocampus of SD mice in each dose group of Shengyutang increased. Compared with the normal group， the escape latency time of SD mice in the model group was significantly prolonged， the times of crossing platform and the residence time in the target quadrant significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the model group， the times of crossing platform and the residence time in the target quadrant of mice in each dose group of Shengyutang significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the normal group， the levels of 5-HT， 5-HIAA， <italic>L</italic>-DOPA， DOPAC， EP， NE， HVA and DA in the model group significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic> P</italic><0.01）； but these levels in each dose group of Shengyutang were higher than those in model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Compared with the normal group， the average MD value of c-Fos protein in the hippocampus of the model group significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and the expression levels of c-Fos protein in the hippocampus of Shengyutang groups were significantly lower than those in model group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:Shengyutang can improve the learning and memory abilities of SD rats， and its mechanism may be related to the decrease of monoamine neurotransmitter and c-Fos protein expression.

Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Inhibiting the Fibrosis and Autoimmune Development in HOCl-Induced Systemic Scleroderma Mouse Model

Background and Objectives@#Systemic scleroderma (SSc) is a rare and serious connective tissue disease, an autoimmune disease, and a rare refractory disease. In this study, preventive effect of single systemic human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) transfusion on SSc was preliminarily explored. @*Methods@#and Results: SSc mouse model was established by daily intradermal injection of Hypochlorite (HOCl). SSc mice were treated by single transfusion of UC-MSCs at 0.625×10 5 , 2.5×105 and 1×106 respectively. At the 42nd day of intradermal injection of HOCl, the symptoms showed up by skin and alveolar wall thickening, lymphocytic infiltration, increased collagen in skin/lung, and the increased proportion of CD3 ＋ CD4＋ CD25＋ FoxP3＋ cells (a Treg subset) in spleen. After UC-MSCs transfusion, the degree of skin thickening, alveolar wall thickening and lymphocyte infiltration were decreased, the collagen sedimentation in skin/lung was decreased, and the proportion of CD3＋ CD4＋ CD25＋FoxP3＋ cells was decreased. @*Conclusions@#UC-MSC can achieve a preventive effect in SSc mice by fibrosis attenuation and immunoregulation.

Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Inhibiting the Fibrosis and Autoimmune Development in HOCl-Induced Systemic Scleroderma Mouse Model

Background and Objectives@#Systemic scleroderma (SSc) is a rare and serious connective tissue disease, an autoimmune disease, and a rare refractory disease. In this study, preventive effect of single systemic human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) transfusion on SSc was preliminarily explored. @*Methods@#and Results: SSc mouse model was established by daily intradermal injection of Hypochlorite (HOCl). SSc mice were treated by single transfusion of UC-MSCs at 0.625×10 5 , 2.5×105 and 1×106 respectively. At the 42nd day of intradermal injection of HOCl, the symptoms showed up by skin and alveolar wall thickening, lymphocytic infiltration, increased collagen in skin/lung, and the increased proportion of CD3 ＋ CD4＋ CD25＋ FoxP3＋ cells (a Treg subset) in spleen. After UC-MSCs transfusion, the degree of skin thickening, alveolar wall thickening and lymphocyte infiltration were decreased, the collagen sedimentation in skin/lung was decreased, and the proportion of CD3＋ CD4＋ CD25＋FoxP3＋ cells was decreased. @*Conclusions@#UC-MSC can achieve a preventive effect in SSc mice by fibrosis attenuation and immunoregulation.

A strategy for rapid discovery of traceable chemical markers in herbal products using MZmine 2 data processing toolbox: A case of Jing Liqueur / 中草药·英文版

Objective: The quality evaluation of herbal products remains a big challenge. Traceable markers are the core concept of the authentication of herbal products. However, the discovery of traceable markers is labor-intensive and time-consuming. The aim of this study is to develop a convenient approach to rapidly screen the traceable markers for herbal product authentication. Methods: Commercial Jing Liqueur and its 22 species of herbal ingredients were analyzed using HPLC-QTOF-MS and GC–MS to characterize nonvolatile and volatile chemicals. The acquired data were imported into MZmine 2 software for mass detection, chromatogram building, deconvolution and alignment. The aligned data were exported into a csv file and then traceable markers were selected using the built-in filter function in Excel. Finally, the traceable markers were identified by searching against online databases or publications, some of which were confirmed by reference standards. Results: A total of 288 chemical features transferred from herbal materials to Jing Liqueur product were rapidly screened out. Among them, 52 markers detected by HPLC-QTOF-MS were annotated, while nine volatile markers detected by GC–MS were annotated. Moreover, 30 of these markers were confirmed by comparing with reference standards. A chemical fingerprint consisting of traceable markers was finally generated to ensure the authentication and quality consistency of Jing Liqueur. Conclusion: A strategy for rapid discovery of traceable markers in herbal products using MZmine 2 software was developed.

Risk factors and optical coherence tomography characteristics of exudative retinal detachment in patients with HELLP syndrome / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective:To observe and analyze the risk factors and optical coherence tomography (OCT) characteristics of exudative retinal detachment in patients with HELLP syndrome.Methods:A retrospective clinical study. From January 2015 to March 2021, 168 eyes of 84 patients with HELLP syndrome who were hospitalized in The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin were included in the study. The average age of the patients was 30.96±4.09 years old. The patient’s general clinical data which included age, gestational week of delivery, type of HELLP syndrome, onset time of HELLP syndrome, parity, number of pregnancy, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total amount and duration of glucocorticoid, whether been admitted to intensive care unit; laboratory indicators, which included platelet count,serum albumin, serum uric acid, 24-hour urine protein quantification,aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, total bilirubin (TBIL) were collected. Whose the general condition was not allowed, however patients had a complaint of vision loss or suspected retinal detachment under direct ophthalmoscope examination, B-mode ultrasound was used to assist in the diagnosis. According to the presence or absence of exudative retinal detachment, patients were divided into retinal detachment group (net detachment group) and non-retinal detachment group (non-retinal detachment group), respectively 31 (36.90%, 31/84), 53 (63.10%, 53/84) cases. Among the 31 cases in the network disconnection group, 34 eyes in 17 cases underwent OCT. Two independent sample t tests were used to compare the measurement data of normal distribution between groups, Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare skewed distributions; the χ2 test was used to compare count data. The variables with statistical differences in univariate analysis were selected as independent variables, and binary logistic regression analysis was performed. Results:Among 84 patients, HELLP syndrome was classified into partial type and complete type, 41 (48.81%, 41/84) and 43 (51.19%, 43/84) cases, respectively. Compared with the non-net-off group, the patients in the off-line group had shorter gestational weeks ( t=2.51), higher diastolic blood pressure ( t=-2.61), greater total glucocorticoid use ( Z=-2.14), and longer use time of glucocorticoid ( Z=-2.75), the difference were statistically significant ( P<0.05); TBIL ( Z=-2.49), serum albumin ( t=2.06) levels decreased, and 24-hour urine protein quantitative ( Z=-4.35) levels increased, the difference were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the increase of 24-hour urine protein level increased the risk of exudative retinal detachment ( P<0.05) (odds ratio=1.20, 95% confidence interval 1.06-1.37). Among the 34 eyes that underwent OCT examination, 18 eyes showed that the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer was not smooth, thickened, and seemed to have adhesion to the detached retina. After the reattachment of retinal detachment, the abovementioned changes of RPE still existed, but reduced; the ellipsoid zone still has discontinuity, partial rupture, and even extensive loss in 16 eyes. Conclusion:The quantitative increase of 24-hour urine protein is a risk factor for the occurrence of exudative retinal detachment in HELLP syndrome; some patients with exudative retinal detachment are still missing the ellipsoid zone after reattachment.

Analysis of the OCT treatment of optic fiber thickness in patients with high myopia combined with glaucoma / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To study the optical coherence tomography(OCT)treatment of optic fiber thickness in patients with high myopia combined with glaucoma.<p>METHODS: Totally 160 eyes of 80 patients with high myopia and glaucoma who were treated in our hospital during 2017-01/12 were selected as the observation group, and 60 healthy volunteers(120 eyes)who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. OCT was used to analyze the thickness of optic nerve fibers in both groups.<p>RESULTS: Subjects compared with control group, the observation group of patients with nasal side, temporal, under the nose, nasal, under the temporal and the week on the average thickness of the optic nerve fiber layer is reduced, and the temporal side nerve fiber layer thickness increased(<i>P</i><0.05), and in the observation group diopter -10.00 to -11.00D in patients with nasal side, temporal, under the nose, nose, and the temporal and the week, on average, the optic nerve fiber layer thickness were significantly higher than that of diopter≥-12.00D patients(<i>P</i><0.05). Spearman correlation analysis results showed that the absolute value of diopter was negatively correlated with the mean thickness of optic nerve fiber layer in the nasal side, upper temporal quadrant, lower nasal side, upper nasal side, lower temporal and the whole circumference, and positively correlated with the thickness of optic nerve fiber layer in the lateral temporal optic nerve.<p>CONCLUSION: In patients with high myopia combined with glaucoma, the optic nerve fibers in all quadrants except the temporal side become thinner.